نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار جامعه‌شناسی، گروه مطالعات خانواده، موسسه مطالعات و مدیریت جامع و تخصصی جمعیت کشور.

چکیده

هدف این مقاله بررسی الگوهای مدیریت و هزینه‌کرد پول در روابط میان زوجین و عوامل اقتصادی اجتماعی مرتبط با آن است.جامعه آماری این پیمایش مقطعی، کلیه افراد متاهل شهر تهران بوده و 1736 نمونه به شیوه خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شده‌ است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند حدود نیمی از زنان و مردان متاهل شهر تهران از شیوه هزینه‌کرد پول در خانواده خود رضایت ندارند و بخش قابل توجهی نیز، از میزان درآمد و هزینه‌کرد همسر خود اطلاع دقیقی ندارند. سه الگوی مدیریت و هزینه‌کرد اشتراکی با 8/30 درصد، جداگانه مرد با 1/28 درصد و تخصیصی مرد به زن با 26 درصد، به ترتیب بیشترین فراوانی را در خانواده‌های شهر تهران دارا هستند. میان مدیریت و شیوه هزینه‌کرد پول با نشاط زناشویی رابطه معناداری وجود داشته و این ارتباط در زنان قوی‌تر از مردان است. همچنین نتایج نشان داده که الگوهای هزینه‌کرد پول غالبا با درآمد و تحصیلات زوج و اینکه خانواده تک درآمد یا هر دو درآمد باشد، رابطه معنادار داشته و این یافته‌ها، نظریه منابع قدرت را تایید می‌کنند. اهمیت مدیریت و شیوه هزینه‌کرد پول در روابط میان زوجین و وجود آنومی در این حوزه، توجه خاص و سیاست‌گذاری بهینه را می‌طلبد.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Management And Money Spending Patterns Among Couples In Tehran

نویسنده [English]

  • Fateme Modiri

Associate Professor of Sociology, Department of Family Studies, National population Studies & Comprehensive Management Institute.

چکیده [English]

The aim of this article is to assess the management and money spending patterns among couples and related socioeconomic factors. Statistical population of this cross-sectional survey was all married women in Tehran and 1736 samples were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. The findings show that about half of married women and men in Tehran are not satisfied with the way of  management and money spending in their families and a significant percentage  were not aware of their spouse’ exact income and her/his style in money spending. Three patterns as sharedmanagement and spending money with 30.8 percent, male independent management with 28.1 percent and allocative man to woman with 26 percent were the most prevalent patterns of management and money spending in families in Tehran. There appeared a significant relationship between management and money spending with marital happiness and this relationship was stronger among women than men. In addition, the finding showed that the patterns of spending money are related to income, couple’s education and whether the family is single income or dual income. These results are consistent with the Resources Theory. Given the importance of management and money spending patterns in couples relationships and existence of anomy in this area, appropriate policies are suggested

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Management and Money Spending patterns
  • Shared money spending
  • Allocative money spending
  • Separate money spending
آزادارمکی، تقی، شریفی ساعی، محمد حسین، (1390). تبیین جامعه شناختی روابط جنسی آنومیک در ایران. فصلنامه خانواده‌پژوهی، ۷(۲۸): 462- 435.
سفیری، خدیجه، آراسته، راضیه، (1386). بررسی رابطه سرمایه اقتصادی زنان با نوع روابط همسران در خانواده، فصلنامه تحقیقات زنان، سال 2(1): 147 – 114.
علیرضانژاد،  سهیلا، خاکپور، سحر، فتحی، سروش، (1393). سرمایه اقتصادی و جنسیت در خانواده: مطالعه ای بر کنترل منابع مالی در خانواده های شهر تهران، فصلنامهبرنامه‌ریزیرفاهوتوسعهاجتماعی، شماره 21:  190 – 157.
علیرضانژاد، سهیلا، خاکپور، سحر، (1394). تحلیل جنسیتی هزینه‌کرد و پس انداز پول در خانواده‌های تهرانی، زندرتوسعهوسیاست، دورة 13(2):  170 – 151.
علیرضانژاد، سهیلا، خاکپور مروستی، الهه، (1396). پول زنانه و اقتصاد خانواده:  مطالعه‌ای در خانواده‌های تهرانی، علومانسانی ، شماره 52 ،(1): 119 – 88.. 
نظری‌پور، محمد، (1392). مدیریت مالی خانواده و کیفیت رابطه زوجین، فصلنامه مشاوره روان‌درمانی خانواده، سال 3(3):  513 – 491.
 
Belch, M.A. & Willis, L.A., (2002). Family decision at the turn of the century: Has the changing structure of households impacted the family decision-making process? Journal of Consumer Behavior, 2 (2): 111-124.
Blumstein, P., Schwartz, P., (1983). American Couples: Money Work and Sex, New York: William Morrow.
Bonke, J., Uldall-Poulsen, H., (2007). Why do families actually pool their income? Evidence from Denmark, Review of Economics of the Household, Vol. 5(2): 113−128.
Britt, S., John E. G., Briana S., Nelson G., White, M., (2008). The Influence of Perceived Spending Behaviors on Relationship Satisfaction, Financial Counseling and Planning, Volume 19 (1): 31-43.
Burgoyne, C.B., (1990). Money in marriage: How patterns of allocation both reflect and conceal power. The Sociological Review 38: 634-665.
Burgoyne, C. B. and Lewis, A., (1994). Distributive justice in marriage: equality or equity? Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology 4:101-114.
Burgoyne, C.B., Clarke, V., Reibstein, J. and Edmunds, A., (2006). All my worldly goods I share with you? Managing money at the transition to heterosexual marriage, The Sociological Review, 54: 619–637.
Burgoyne, C.B., Morison, V,. (1997). Money in remarriage: Keeping things simple and separate, The Sociological Review. Vol. 45( 3): 363−395.
Edwards, M. (1981). Financial ArrangementsWithin Families, Canberra: National Women’s Advisory Council.
Fleming, R., (1997). The Common Purse, Aukland N.Z.: Aukland University Press.
Hiekel, N., Liefbroer, A. C., Poortman, A. R,. (2014). Income pooling strategies among cohabiting and married couples: A comparative perspective, Demographic Research, Vol. 30,: 1527−1560. 
Kiernan, K., (2004). Unmarried cohabitation and parenthood in Britain and Europe, Law and Policy, 26 (1): 33–55.
 Kirchler, E., Rodler, C., Holzl, E. and Meier, K., (2001). Conflict and Decision Making in Close Relationships, Hove: The Psychology Press.
Laporte, C., Schellenberg, G., (2011). The Income Management Strategies of Older Couples in Canada, Research Paper, Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series, ISSN 1205-9153.
Layard, R., (2006). Happiness, London: Penguin.
Locksley, A., (1980). on the effects of wives employment on marital adjustment and companionship, Marriage and Family, Vol42(2): 337-346.
Nyman, C., (1999). Gender equality in ‗the most equal country in the world‘? Money and marriagein Sweden.‖ The Sociological Review. Vol. 47(4) : 766−793.
Nyman, C., (2003). The social nature of money: meanings in Swedish Families, Women’s Studies International Forum, 26 (1): 79–94.
Pahl, J.,  (1989). Money and Marriage, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
Pahl, J,.  (2005). Individualisation in couple finances: who pays for the children? Social Policy and Society, 4 (3): 381–391.
Pahl, J., (2000). Couples and their money: patterns of accounting and accountability in the domestic economy, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Vol. 13. )4: (502-517.
Singh, S., Bhandari, M., (2012). Money management and control in the Indian joint family across generations, The Sociological Review, Vol. 60(1) : 46 – 67. 
Steuber, K. R., Paik, A., (2013). Of Money and Love, Joint Banking, Relationship Quality and Cohabitation, Journal of Family Issues, 24: 583-60.
Sutton, L., Cebulla,A. and Middleton, S., (2003). Marriage in the Twenty-First Century, CRSP 482: Cardiff, Care for the Family.
Treas, J., )1993(. Money in the bank: Transaction costs and the economic organization of marriage, American Sociological Review. Vol. 58(5): 723−734.
Vogler, C., Brockmann, M. and Wiggins, R.D., (2006). Intimate relationships and changing patterns of money management at the beginning of the twenty-first century, British Journal of Sociology, 57 (3): 455–482.
Vogler, C., Brockmann, M. and Wiggins, R.D., (2007). Managing money in new heterosexual forms of intimate relationships, Journal of Socio-Economics, Special Edition on Households.
Vogler, C., (2005). Cohabiting couples: rethinking money in the household at the beginning of the twenty first century, The sociological review, Volume 53(1): 1–29. 
Vogler, C., Lyontte, C., Wiggings, R. D., (2008). Money, power and spending decisions in intimate relationships, The Sociological Review, vol 56, no. 1: 117-143.
Vogler, C., Pahl, J,. (1994). Money, power and inequality within marriage, The Sociological Review,  Volume 42(2):  263–288.
Vogler, C.,  (2006). Intimate relationships and changing patterns of money management at the beginning of the twenty-first century, The British Journal of Sociology, Volume 57(3): 455–482.
White, L. K., (1983). Determinants of Spousal Interaction: Marital Structure or Marital Happiness, Marriage and Family, Vol 45: 511-519.
Yodanis, C., and Lauer, S., (2007a). Economic inequality in and outside of marriage: Individua resources and institutional context, European Sociological Review, Vol. 23(5): 573−583.
Yodanis, C., Lauer, S. (2007b). Managing money in marriage: Multilevel and cross-national effects of the breadwinner role, Journal of Marriage and Family. Vol. 69(5):  1307−1325.